{"id":572,"date":"2024-11-14T18:30:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T18:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visualstressclinic.ca\/?page_id=572"},"modified":"2026-01-21T01:34:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T01:34:13","slug":"epilepsy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/epilepsy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9pilepsie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et_pb_column_2_3 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_accordion_0 et_pb_accordion et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-accordion--1d4c8462-fda3-45f8-8b7c-cf670041e540\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--32c4d5c6-ac4d-49d3-9b52-38ab407aae5b\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2>Epilepsy<\/h2>\n<p>People with photosensitive epilepsy have up to a 14% chance of having seizures precipitated by light or pattern. For some epilepsies, colour is an important factor. Individual differences in the effects of coloured light may cause some patients to benefit from spectral filters that in other patients would exacerbate their sensitivity. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/2005-168.pdf\">1<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>Many factors can lead to photosensitive epilepsy (PSE) seizures. These can be from human-made sources such as flicker from fluorescent lights, car headlights, televisions and fan blades. Additionally, these can be from natural sources such as the flicker of sunlight reflecting off waves or interrupted while travelling past rows of trees or railings. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/2008-181.pdf\">2<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>Visual Stress draws together common features between (1) susceptibility to perceptual distortion and asthenopia (visual fatigue), (2) photophobia accompanying migraine and (3) the light sensitivity shown in photosensitive epilepsy. Research shows that the perceptual distortions are a manifestation of a hyper-excitability of cells in the visual system, localized in the case of photophobia and more widespread in the case of photosensitive epilepsy. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/1999-138.pdf\">3<\/a>]<br \/>This study concluded that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The proportion of patients with photosensitive epilepsy who reported beneficial effects from colour light\/filters is larger than in the general population;<\/li>\n<li>Coloured filter glasses may provide relief from seizures in some patients with photosensitive epilepsy. They may also offer relief when antiepileptic therapy is not indicated or sufficient; and<\/li>\n<li>Coloured glasses may have other beneficial effects such as a reduction of symptoms of discomfort, sufficient to encourage patients to wear their spectacles despite continuing seizures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In his book Visual Stress, [<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/book1.pdf\">4<\/a>] Arnold Wilkins provides the first general and unified theory of visual discomfort. He found that people find some visual stimuli uncomfortable and that these same stimuli induce seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. His work offers insights into visual triggers arising from architectural design, reading, lighting, television and computer screens. He also describes in detail a range of techniques for preventing and treating visual discomfort, ranging from colour therapy to precision tinting of spectacle lenses.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_0 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_center et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-header--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--default preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/2005-168.pdf\" style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">[1] Fisher RS, Harding G et al. Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: a Review for the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group 2005<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/2008-181.pdf\" style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">[2] Harding G, Harding P, Wilkins AJ. Wind turbines, flicker, and photosensitive epilepsy: Characterizing the flashing that may precipitate seizures and optimizing guidelines to prevent them. 2008 Epilepsia 49 (6) 1095-98<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/1999-138.pdf\" style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">[3] Wilkins AJ, Baker A, Amin D, et al. Treatment of photosensitive epilepsy using coloured glasses. Seizure 1999 8:444-449<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.essex.ac.uk\/psychology\/overlays\/book1.pdf\" style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">[4] Wilkins, AJ Visual Stress (Book) published by Oxford University Press 1995 Chapter 2: Photosensitive Epilepsy<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_1 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_0_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_0 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\" href=\"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/related-conditions\/\">Back to related conditions<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_0 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/visualstressclinic.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Recipe_pink_1.2-1080x720-1.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/visualstressclinic.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Recipe_pink_1.2-1080x720-1.png 1080w, https:\/\/visualstressclinic.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Recipe_pink_1.2-1080x720-1-980x653.png 980w, https:\/\/visualstressclinic.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Recipe_pink_1.2-1080x720-1-480x320.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1080px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-553\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_2 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--bd47436d-045b-4fb0-9a56-267772c6c167\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3>Note:<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_3 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--d03077ac-f3fe-44a5-ac41-8a1221afd4fa\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>When visual difficulties are reported, a full optometric evaluation is required to identify, treat or rule out issues of eye health, refraction correction or neuro-optometric problems prior to a Visual Stress assessment. While neuro optometric difficulties and Visual Stress are independent conditions, they often co-occur and can be accommodated with combined treatments.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row et_flex_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_2 et_pb_column et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_8_24 et_flex_column_8_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_1_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_1 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\" href=\"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/dyslexia\/\">Previous related condition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_3 et_pb_column et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_8_24 et_flex_column_8_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_2_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_2 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\" href=\"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/related-conditions\/\">All related conditions<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_4 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_8_24 et_flex_column_8_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_3_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_3 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\" href=\"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/hallucinations\/\">Next related condition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":81,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-572","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=572"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":907,"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/572\/revisions\/907"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opticalm.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}